Employee Performance Based On Compensation, Discipline, and Competency in the Regional Secretariat of Kupang City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37638/bima.6.1.339-356Keywords:
Compensation, discipline, competency, performanceAbstract
Purpose: The performance of government employees called ASN in Indonesia is still considered low by various surveys and data. Factors that are considered to be the phenomenon causing low ASN performance are compensation, discipline, and competence. This study aims to analyze and prove the effect of compensation, discipline, and competence on employee performance. Methodology: The research design used is quantitative research. The population of the study was all employees of the General Section of the Kupang City Regional Secretariat totaling 114 employees. All employees were the research sample with a saturated sampling technique. Data were obtained through questionnaire interviews (Likert scale), observation, and documentation. The research data consisted of primary and secondary data. The data analysis method was multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The results of the study showed a t-value of compensation of 3.283 > t-table of 1.98137. Discipline has a t-value of 5.036 > t-table of 1.98137. The t-value of competency is 2.772 > t-table of 1.98137, and the F-value of 13.263 > F-table of 2.70, which indicates that compensation, discipline, and competency have a positive and significant effect on employee performance in the Regional Secretariat of Kupang City both partially and simultaneously. The three exogenous variables have a "strong" correlation to performance with an R2 value of 97.9%. Findings: This study highlights the importance of adequate employee compensation, high employee discipline as a professional commitment, and high employee competence to achieve high employee performance. Novelty: This study elaborates on the interaction between compensation, discipline, and competence in the context of employee performance in government organizations. Originality: This study contributes to the literature on employee performance at the Kupang City Regional Secretariat by addressing the gap in understanding these variables. Conclusion: Practical thinking is a recommendation for the Regional Secretariat organization to develop strategies to improve employee performance in accordance with the organization's expectations and goals. Type of Paper: Quantitative empirical research paper.
References
Adam, M. A., Youssef, A., & Sakr, A. M. (2019). The Effect of Executive Compensation on Financial Performance in Egypt. OALib, 06(12), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1105760
Alie, J., Riwu Kore, J. R., & Hawai, G. R. S. (2022). Contribution of leadership style, competence, and motivation to employee performance in the Badan Keuangan and Aset Daerah Kota Kupang. Enrichment : Journal of Management, 12(2), 2452–2464. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v12i2.546
Alqudah, I. H. ., Carballo-Penela, A., & Ruzo-SanmartÃn, E. (2022). High-performance human resource management practices and readiness for change: An integrative model including affective commitment, employees’ performance, and the moderating role of hierarchy culture. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 28(1), 100177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2021.100177
Ambarwati, T., Wardhana, E. T. D. R. W., Wardoyo, C., Churiyah, M., & Jihadi, M. (2023). The role of compensation, job rotation, employee engagement and employees performance of SMEs. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(7), e03045. https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i7.3045
Anam, A. K., Darmawan, M. A., Yin, H. X., & Aribowo, H. (2024). Analysis of Human Competence Influence, Entrepreneurial Characteristics, Information Technology, Management Accounting System, and Environmental Uncertainty on the Performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Pasuruan City, Indonesia. Open Journal of Business and Management, 12(1), 726–747. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojbm.2024.121039
Calabrese, C. G., Molesworth, B. R. C., & Hatfield, J. (2023). The effect of punishment and feedback on correcting erroneous behavior. Journal of Safety Research, 87, 481–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2023.09.001
Cayrat, C., & Boxall, P. (2023). The roles of the HR function: A systematic review of tensions, continuity and change. Human Resource Management Review, 33(4), 100984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2023.100984
Creswell, J. W., & Cresswell, J. D. (2022). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th Ed). Sage Publications, Inc.
Danila, & Riwu Kore, J. R. (2019). Pengaruh kompetensi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja pegawai di Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Bina Marga Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Ecoment Global : Kajian Bisnis dan Manajemen, 4(2), 39–51.
https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.35908/jeg.v4i2.754
Dharma, R., Hady, H., & Zefriyenni. (2023). Determinants of Job Satisfaction and Implications on Employee Performance in Bank Nagari Sumatera Barat. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(9), e02720. https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i9.2720
Dhillon, A., Iversen, V., & Torsvik, G. (2021). Employee Referral, Social Proximity, and Worker Discipline: Theory and Suggestive Evidence from India. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 69(3), 1003–1030. https://doi.org/10.1086/704512
Garengo, P., Sardi, A., & Nudurupati, S. S. (2022). Human resource management (HRM) in the performance measurement and management (PMM) domain: a bibliometric review. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 71(7), 3056–3077. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-04-2020-0177
Garza, C., Stover, P. J., Ohlhorst, S. D., Field, M. S., Steinbrook, R., Rowe, S., Woteki, C., & Campbell, E. (2019). Best practices in nutrition science to earn and keep the public’s trust. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 109(1), 225–243. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqy337
Gazi, M. A. I., Yusof, M. F., Islam, M. A., Amin, M. Bin, & Senathirajah, A. R. bin S. (2024). Analyzing the impact of employee job satisfaction on their job behavior in the industrial setting: An analysis from the perspective of job performance. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(4), 100427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100427
Haba Ora, F., Riwu Kore, J. R., Manafe, H., Susanto, Y., & Yustini, T. (2020). Strategi Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Korupsi di Pemerintah Kota Kupang, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia. Aspirasi: Jurnal Masalah-masalah Sosial, 11(2), 229–242. https://doi.org/10.46807/aspirasi.v11i2.1556
Johansson, P. E., & Wallo, A. (2019). Exploring the work and competence of interactive researchers. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 31(8), 1539–1559. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-09-2018-0307
Li, C., Duan, X., Chu, X., & Qiu, Y. (2023). Total reward satisfaction profiles and work performance: A person-centered approach. Heliyon, 9(3), e14154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14154
Manalor, M. I., Marnisah, L., & Riwu Kore, J. R. (2022). The influence of transformational leadership, quality of human resources, and discipline toward community satisfaction at the Office of Dinas Kependudukan and Pencatatan Sipil Kota Kupang. Enrichment : Journal of Management, 12(4), 2963–2973. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v12i4.704
Marder, B., Ferguson, P., Marchant, C., Brennan, M., Hedler, C., Rossi, M., Black, S., & Doig, R. (2021). ”˜Going agile’: Exploring the use of project management tools in fostering psychological safety in group work within management discipline courses. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(3), 100519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100519
Marnisah, L, Riwu Kore, J. R., & Haba Ora, F. (2022). Employee performance based on competency, career development, and organizational culture. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 20(3), 629–647. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2022.020.03.13
Marnisah, Luis, & Riwu Kore, J. R. (2024). Pilar manajemen SDM (teori, filosofi dan implementasi). Deepublish Press.
McMullen, J., Arakawa, N., Anderson, C., Pattison, L., & McGrath, S. (2023). A systematic review of contemporary competency-based education and training for pharmacy practitioners and students. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 19(2), 192–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2022.09.013
Mehner, L., Rothenbusch, S., & Kauffeld, S. (2025). How to maximize the impact of workplace training: a mixed-method analysis of social support, training transfer and knowledge sharing. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 34(2), 201–217. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2024.2319082
Muday, F., Marnisah, L., & Yustini, T. (2024). Kinerja pegawai berdasarkan pengaruh disiplin, kompetensi dan budaya organisasi. JMII: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Indonesia, 1(2), 111–148. https://jurnal.rumahpintarayho.com/index.php/jmii/article/view/26
Muday, F., Marnisah, L., Yustini, T., & Riwu Kore, J. R. (2022). Predictors of employee performance based on discipline, competence, and organizational culture (Case study of sub-village and village employees in Kota Raja Village, Kupang City Government). Enrichment : Journal of Management, 12(4), 2974–2986. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v12i4.702
Opoku, A., Olanipekun, A., Sutrisna, M., & Ahmed, V. (2022). Validity and reliability in built environment research: A selection of case studies. CRC Press.
Riwu Kore, J R. (2020). Kepemimpinan transformasional peningkatan sumber daya manusia (F. Haba Ora (red); 1st ed). PT. Insan Cendekia Mandiri Group.
Riwu Kore, J R, & Haba Ora, F. (2021). The Influence of Competence and Work Motivation to Teacher Performance in Smp Negeri At Kota Kupang. Ä°lköÄŸretim Online, 20(1), 1010–1017. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2021.01.73
Riwu Kore, J R, Haba Ora, F., & Terttiaavini. (2022). Good governance dalam mengukur kinerja lembaga negara (Review). Jurnal Pemerintahan dan Politik, 7(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.36982/jpg.v7i1.1974
Riwu Kore, J R, Marnisah, L., & Jermias, J. (2022). Honorary staff performance using predictors of commitment, compensation, and work ethic (Study in the Bagian Umum Sekretariat Daerah Pemerintah Kota Kupang). Enrichment : Journal of Management, 12(3), 2227–2235. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v12i3.640
Riwu Kore, J R, Susanto, Y., Mardiyah, & Haba Ora, F. (2022). Effect of employee placements, discipline, and work climate toward employee performance on Agency of Financial Management and Asset Regional of Lubuklinggau City Indonesia. Enrichment: Journal of Management, 12(2), 1498–1508.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v12i2.84
Riwu Kore, J R, Susanto, Y., Pilkandis, J., & Haba Ora, F. (2021). Analysis of employee performance in the Department of Education and Culture, Lubuklinggau City. Asia Pacific Journal of Management and Education, 4(2), 95–109. https://doi.org/10.32535/apjme.v4i2.1149
Riwu Kore, J R, Yustini, T., Zamzam, F., & Haba Ora, F. (2022). Influence of Covid-19 pandemic climate, discipline, motivation to performance in BAERT Kupang City. Management and Economics Journal (MEC-J), 6(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.18860/mec-j.v6i1.12967
Riwu Kore, Jefirstson R. (2022). Pelatihan: Evaluasi dan rekonstruksi kinerja ASN Pemerintah Kota Kupang berbasis sumber daya manusia. Yumary: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 3(2), 79–100. https://doi.org/10.35912/yumary.v3i2.1472
Riwu Kore, Jefirstson R, Marnisah, L., & Haba Ora, F. (2022). Employee performance analysis based on the effect of discipline, motivation, and organizational commitment at the Regional Secretariat of the Kupang City Government. Jurnal Maksipreneur: Manajemen, Koperasi, dan Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 76–99. https://doi.org/10.30588/jmp.v12i1.1009
Riwu Kore, Jefirstson R, Riwu Kore, F. R., & Saubaki, M. A. (2023). Budaya organisasi pegawai di Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Kota Kupang. JMII: Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Indonesia, 1(1), 1–11. https://jurnal.rumahpintarayho.com/index.php/jmii/article/view/7
Riwu Kore, Jefirstson R, Yustini, T., & Haba Ora, F. (2022). Manajemen Strategis Lanjutan (1st ed). Deepublish Press.
Riwu Kore, Jefirstson R, Yustini, T., & Haba Ora, F. (2023). Mengukur kinerja pegawai pemerintahan di masa krisis : Konstruksi instrumen kinerja pegawai Dinas Sosial Kota Kupang saat masa pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Kawistara : The Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 13(3), 420–438. https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.73481
Riwu Kore, K. B., Yustini, T., & Alie, J. (2022). Employee performance based on organizational culture, work discipline, and work motivation (Case study in Kelapa Lima District, Kupang City). Mantik : Manajemen, Teknologi Informatika dan Komunikasi, 6(2), 2639–2649. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35335/mantik.v6i2.2774
Serang, S., Ritamariani, A., Kamase, J., & Gani, A. (2023). The Influence of Work Motivation, Compensation, and Work Procedures on Job Satisfaction and Field Extension Performance Family Planning in South Sulawesi. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(5), e02180. https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i5.2180
Shi, Y. (2024). The influence of cognitive ability on academic performance: perseverance as a mediator and self-discipline as a moderator. Current Psychology, 43(40), 31744–31757. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06734-7
Susanto, Y., Riwu Kore, J. R., Afrianti, I., & Haba Ora, F. (2021). Pengaruh kompetensi dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru di SMP Negeri 4 Kota Lubuklinggau Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Pendidikan, 30(2), 143–152. https://doi.org/10.32585/jp.v30i2.1578
Susanto, Y., Riwu Kore, J. R., Oktovianus, F., & Haba Ora, F. (2021). The effect of compensation and competence on performance with motivation as a variable intervening an employee in partners of the Central Statistics Agency, Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Review of Management and Entrepreneurship, 5(2), 113–136. https://doi.org/10.37715/rme.v5i2.1778
Susanto, Y., Riwu Kore, J. R., Riance, A., Sardiyo, & Haba Ora, F. (2020). The effect of complexity of the competence independence task on integrity of the implication in the quality result Auditor examination in North Musirawas District. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(4), 3591–3597. http://www.ijstr.org/paper-references.php?ref=IJSTR-1019-22734%0A
Thi Nong, N.-M., Phuong, N. Q., & Duc-Son, H. (2024). The effect of employee competence and competence – job – fit on business performance through moderating role of social exchange: A study in logistics firms. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 40(4), 187–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2024.10.001
Touma, J. (2022). Performance Appraisal Effect on Compensation. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 10(01), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4236/jhrss.2022.101001
Wagemaker, H. (2020). Reliability and validity of international large-scale assessment : Understanding IEA’s comparative studies of student achievement. Springer International Publishing.
Willard, C. A. (2020). Statistical Methods : An Introduction to Basic Statistical Concepts and Analysis. Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
Yolande, M. K. (2024). The Impact of Compensation and Internal Equity on Employee Performance. Open Journal of Accounting, 13(02), 32–43. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojacct.2024.132003
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
An author who publishes in the BIMA JOURNAL: Business, Management, and Accounting Journal agrees to the following terms:
Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
Submission of a manuscript implies that the submitted work has not been published before (except as part of a thesis or report, or abstract); that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors. If and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the author(s) still hold the copyright and retain publishing rights without restrictions. For the new invention, authors are suggested to manage its patent before published. The license type is CC-BY-SA 4.0.
BIMA JOURNAL: Business, Management and Accounting is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
- You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
- No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
