SISTEM PENGETAHUAN EKOLOGI TRADISIONAL MASYARAKAT TOLAKI DALAM KLASIFIKASI DAN PENGELOLAAN HUTAN DI DESA PAMANDATI, KONAWE SELATAN, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Danial Danial; Sarlan Adi Jaya; Laxmi Laxmi; Erens Elvianus Koodoh; Abdul Jalil; Zainal Zainal

doi:10.37638/sengkuni.6.1.35-48

Authors

Danial Danial Jurusan Antropologi, Universitas Halu Oleo
Sarlan Adi Jaya Jurusan Antropologi, Universitas Halu Oleo
Laxmi Laxmi Jurusan Antropologi, Universitas Halu Oleo
Erens Elvianus Koodoh Jurusan Antropologi, Universitas Halu Oleo
Abdul Jalil Jurusan Antropologi, Universitas Halu Oleo
Zainal Zainal Jurusan Antropologi, Universitas Halu Oleo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37638/sengkuni.6.1.35-48

Keywords:

suicide, masculinity, Tolaki culture, anomie, Bahteramas Bridge

Abstract

Pengetahuan ekologi tradisional (PET) masyarakat Tolaki di Sulawesi Tenggara mencerminkan sistem pengelolaan hutan yang kompleks yang telah berkembang melalui berabad-abad interaksi langsung dengan ekosistem hutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan dan menganalisis sistem klasifikasi hutan tradisional serta praktik pengelolaan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Tolaki. Masyarakat Tolaki telah menciptakan sistem klasifikasi hutan yang menyeluruh berdasarkan suksesi umur hutan (o'rawu, ana homa, laliwata, o'sambu, dan inalahi), jenis vegetasi, serta kontur geografis. Pandangan holistik mereka terhadap hutan mengintegrasikan dimensi ekonomi, budaya, dan religius yang mencerminkan prinsip-prinsip pengelolaan sumber daya yang berkelanjutan. Praktik tradisional yang dilakukan mencakup sistem pertanian rotasi, protokol ritual (mo'oli), dan konservasi hutan keramat (kokarama). Sistem PET ini menunjukkan strategi pengelolaan adaptif yang telah berhasil mempertahankan keanekaragaman hayati hutan dan jasa ekosistem selama beberapa generasi, serta memberikan wawasan berharga untuk pendekatan pengelolaan hutan berkelanjutan di era kontemporer.

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