Effect Of Work Stress On Mental Well-Being With Workplace Spirituality As A Mediating Variable

Authors

  • Hamza Rizaldi UIN Malik Ibrahim Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37638/bima.6.2.1423-1438

Keywords:

Stres Kerja, Kesejahteraan Mental, Spiritualitas di Tempat Kerja, Tenaga Medis

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effect of work stress on the mental well-being of medical personnel and to examine the mediating role of workplace spirituality at Arosuka Regional General Hospital, Solok Regency. Methodology: The research employs a quantitative survey approach. The study population consists of 162 medical personnel, with 116 respondents selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS). Results: The results indicate that work stress has a significant negative effect on the mental well-being of medical personnel. Additionally, workplace spirituality is proven to mediate the relationship between work stress and mental well-being by reducing the negative impact of stress. Novelty: This study highlights workplace spirituality as an important psychological resource in managing occupational stress within healthcare institutions. Findings: Strengthening workplace spirituality can help medical personnel cope more effectively with work stress and improve their mental well-being. Originality: The originality of this study lies in its empirical examination of workplace spirituality as a mediating variable in a hospital setting, which remains limited in previous research. Conclusions: Integrating workplace spirituality into stress management strategies is essential to maintaining and enhancing the mental well-being of medical personnel. Type of Paper: Empirical Quantitative Research Paper

References

Ana Portillo-Van Diest, Gemma Vilagut, I. A., Montse Ferrer, Franco Amigo, B. L. A., Andrés Aragon-Pena, Enric Aragonès, Á. A. D. B., Mireia Campos, Isabel Del Cura-González, M. E., Ana González-Pinto, Josep M. Haro, A. L., Nieves Lopez-Fresnena, Alma Martínez de Salázar, Juan D. Molina, Rafael M. Ortí-Lucas, Mara Parellada, José M. Pelayo-Terán, Aurora Pérez-Zapata, José I. Pijoan, Nieves Plana, T. P., Cristina Rius, Carmen Rodríguez-Blázquez, F. S., Consol Serra, Iratxe Urreta-Barallobre, R. C. K., Ronny Bruffaerts, Eduard Vieta, Víctor Pérez-Solá, J. A., & Group†, and P. M. and M. W. (2023). Traumatic stress symptoms among Spanish healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective study. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 32, 1–13.

Andiani, T. K., & Jayanagara, O. (2023). Effect of Workload, Work Stress, Technical Skills, Self-Efficacy, and Social Competence on Medical Personnel Performance. APTISI Transactions on Technopreneurship, 5(2), 118–127.

Aprilia, E. D., Adam, M., & Mawarpury, M. (2024). What do we know about mental health of medical personnel? A systematic review. 6(October), 117–126.

Ashmos, D. P., & Duchon, D. (2000). Individual Spirituality (pp. 134–145).

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands‐resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309–328.

Bozdağ, F., Kemer, D., Karataş, H., & Düken, M. E. (2024). Work Stress, Burnout Levels, and Affecting Factors in Nurses in Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Mediterranean Nursing and Midwifery, 4(3), 173–180.

Cohen, S., Janicki-Deverts, D., & Miller, G. E. (2007). Psychological stress and disease. Jama, 298(14), 1685–1687.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage Publications.

Danna, K., & Griffin, R. W. (1999). Health and well-being in the workplace: A review and synthesis of the literature. Journal of Management, 25(3), 357–384.

Dimala, C., Zubaedi, A., Sovitriana, R., Hakim, A., & Mora, L. (2023). Health professional stress, self-Efficiency, and social family support towards burnout with resilience as moderator and mediator in health workers handling Covid-19 In Karawang. Resmilitaris, 13(2), 340–355.

Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 14(6), 693–727.

Ganster, D. C., & Rosen, C. C. (2014). Work Stress and Employee Health: A Multidisciplinary Review. In Journal of Management (Vol. 39, Issue 5).

Ghislieri, C., Gatti, P., Molino, M., & Cortese, C. G. (2017). Work–family conflict and enrichment in nurses: between job demands, perceived organizational support and work–family backlash. Journal of Nursing Management, 25(1), 65–75.

Ghozali, I. (2018). Application of multivariate analysis with IBM SPSS 23 program.

Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook. Springer Nature.

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43 (1), 115–135.

Keyes, C. L. M. (2002). The mental health continuum: From languishing to flourishing in life. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43(2), 207–222.

Khan, R. (2022). Mediation Role of Workplace Spirituality on Work Stress and Employee Mental Wellbeing: A Study on Health Workers. Li Falah: Journal of Islamic Economics and Business Studies, 7(2), 11–20.

Kumar, S., & Mer, A. (2025). A Review on Predictors and Outcomes of Workplace Spirituality in Hospitals. Received: November 26, 2024. Accepted: December 28, 2024. Page No: 1105-1107. January.

Lazarus, R. S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping (Vol. 464). Springer.

Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2009). Nurse turnover: The mediating role of burnout. Journal of Nursing Management, 17(3), 331–339.

Lemyre, L., & Tessier, R. (2003). Hypothesis: The research page. Measuring psychological stress. Concept, model, and measurement instrument in primary care research. Canadian Family Physician, 49(SEPT.), 1159–1160.

Lisdayanti, Achmad, Alim, A., & Munadhir. (2023). The Effect of Work, Family Conflict, and Work Shifts on the Performance of Midwives with Work Stress as Intervening Variables. Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 12(3), 349–362.

Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job Burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 397-422.

Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Understanding the burnout experience: Recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103–111.

Melyana, I. D., & Saparwati, M. (2025). Overview of Work Stress Levels Among Nurses in Hospital Inpatient Facilities. Journal of Healthy Culture Nursing, 3(1), 34-39.

Milliman, J., Czaplewski, A. J., & Ferguson, J. (2003). Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes: An exploratory empirical assessment. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 16(4), 426–447.

Mohamed, H. M., Mona, P., Shazly, M., Prof, A., & Mohamed, S. (2024). Relationship between Agile Leadership Behaviors and Workplace Spirituality among Staff Nurses. 15(4), 1053–1063.

Morgantini, L. A., Naha, U., Wang, H., Francavilla, S., Acar, Ö., Flores, J. M., ... & Weine, S. M. (2020). Factors contributing to healthcare professional burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid turnaround global survey. PloS One.

Nene, S. E., & Wopula, S. N. (2025). Exploring the mental well-being of Ekurhuleni primary healthcare clinic managers during COVID-19. Health SA Gesondheid, 30, 1–7.

Nugroho, I., Ceasaria Widyasari, D., Agustin Syakarofath, N., & L. (2024). Sociodemographic Factors and Stress Levels Among Health Workers in Malang During the COVID-19 Pandemic. KnE Social Sciences, 2024, 391–406.

Organization., W. H. (2004). Promoting Men’s Mental Health. In Promoting mental health: concepts, emerging, evidence, practice (Summary report).

Pawar, B. S. (2009). Workplace spirituality facilitation: A comprehensive model. Journal of Business Ethics, 90(3), 375–386.

Petchsawang, P., & Duchon, D. (2009). Measuring workplace spirituality in an Asian context. Human Resource Development International, 12(4), 459–468.

Rego, A., & Pina E Cunha, M. (2008). Workplace spirituality and organizational commitment: An empirical study. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 21(1), 53–75.

Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2018). Organizational Behavior (17th ed.). Pearson.

Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069–1081.

Sacgaca, L., Gonzales, A., Alkubati, S., Alrashidi, N., Alreshidi, M. S., Pasay-an, E., Hernandez, J. P., Alboliteeh, M., Ramadan, M. Y., Al Onezei, A. K., Lim-Lagura, G. A., Mostoles, R., & Saguban, R. (2023). The Impact of Mental Well-Being, Stress, and Coping Strategies on Resilience among Staff Nurses during COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: A Structural Equational Model. Healthcare (Switzerland), 11(3).

Selye, H. (1976). Stress Without Distress. Springer.

Shanafelt, T. D., Hasan, O., Dyrbye, L. N., Sinsky, C., Satele, D., Sloan, J., & West, C. P. (2015). Changes in Burnout and Satisfaction with Work-Life Balance in Physicians and the General US Working Population between 2011 and 2014. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 90(12), 1600–1613.

Sipayung, I., Mintawati, H., & Albert, J. (2023). The impact of work-life balance and employee mental health on performance and job satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic (literature study). BUDGETING: Journal of Management, Accounting and Resources, 1(1), 21–27.

Solok, B. P. S. K. (2023). Statistics of Solok Regency 2023.

Sonnentag, S., Pundt, A., & Albrecht, A. G. (2014). Temporal perspectives on job stress. In Time and Work, Volume 1. Psychology Press.

Stewart-Brown, S., & Janmohamed, K. (2008). Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) User Guide. Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, June, 1–32.

Sugiyono. (2013). Quantitative, Qualitative, and R&D Research Methods (January issue).

Sumarsono, H. S. (2004). Human Resource Research Methods. (First Edition). Graha Ilmu.

Supriyanto, A. S., & Ekowati, V. M. (2019). Human Resource Management Research: For Theses, Dissertations, and Equipped with Journal Article Examples.

Ulrich, D. (1996). Human Resource Champions: The Next Agenda for Adding Value and Delivering Results. Harvard Business Press.

West, C. P., Dyrbye, L. N., & Shanafelt, T. D. (2018). Physician burnout: contributors, consequences and solutions. Journal of Internal Medicine, 283(6), 516–529.

Wibawanti, I., Simamora, V., Elva Widiatmoko, A., Arneliza, A., & Sutadi, R. (2024). The Influence of Workplace Spirituality on the Performance of Lecturers and Employees at Universitas Pelita Bangsa Cikarang, Indonesia. Journal of Psychology and Behavior Studies, 4(1), 68–80.

Wright, T. A., & Cropanzano, R. (2000). Psychological well-being and job satisfaction as predictors of job performance. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(1), 84–94.

Wrzesniewski, A., McCauley, C., Rozin, P., & Schwartz, B. (1997). Jobs, careers, and callings: People’s relations to their work. Journal of Research in Personality, 31(1), 21–33.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-30

Issue

Section

Reasearch Paper